spend是一个多用途词汇，兼具动词和名词特性，常用于描述花费、消耗或度过等概念。其常见用法如下：

1. 当用作动词时，spend的主语通常是人。例如：

Andy 在书籍上花费了很多钱，即 "Andy spent a lot of money on books."

2. 花费时间或金钱在某事物上，常用 "spend some money/time on sth."，如 "Kitty每天花两个小时做家庭作业，即 "Kitty spends two hours on her homework every day."

3. 花费时间或金钱做某事，结构为 "spend some money/time (in) doing sth."，如 "他们买大彩电花了4450元，即 "They spent 4450 yuan buying the big colour TV set."

4. spend还有"度过"的意思，如 "他们计划在乡下度过暑假，即 "They want to spend their summer holiday in the country."

在同义词辨析方面，pay, spend, take和cost都与花费有关：

pay主要指付款给某人或某物，如 "He must pay for his food." 和 "She paid 80 yuan for that coat."

cost则用于物作为主语，强调物品的花费，如 "The TV cost me three thousand yuan." 以及 "It took me about half an hour to do these exercises."

take常用作花费时间的表达，比如 "It takes *some time* to do sth."。