for 后面接一个句子。with 后面接一个结构。

mike had to walk home_with_his bike stolen

mike had to walk home_for_his bike had been stolen

as mike‘s bike had been stolen,he had to walk home.

我觉得楼主需要清楚的是这个结构：

With 复合结构：with + 宾语+ 宾语补足语

宾语：由于with 是介词，后接的成分就是宾语，指陈述的对象，一般由名词或代词充当

宾语补足语：就是对宾语进行补充说明的作用。故只要是能对名词或代词进行修饰或补充说明的词都可以充当。

这具体的表现形式有以下几种，现归纳如下：

1 with + 名词/代词 + 形容词

Eg: He is used to sleeping with the windows open. 他习惯于在窗户开着的情况下睡觉。

With the door open, he went straight into the house. 由于门开着，他径直走进了房子。

注：这里的形容词 “open”, 都是分明说明宾语 “windows”与 “door” 的状态的。

是简单的局部分析，关于since， for， as， because，with 表相近意思的用法区别建议楼主多跟老师交流，对比记忆。希望对你有帮助，祝你进步！