1. Simile (明喻)

明喻涉及将两个具有共性的事物进行比较，这种共性通常是心理上的，而非事物本身的自然属性。

常用的标志词包括 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as 等。

例句：

- 1. He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.

- 2. I wandered lonely as a cloud.

- 3. Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.

2. Metaphor (隐喻，暗喻)

隐喻是一种缩减的明喻，通过比较将一个事物的名称赋予另一个事物，从而形成比喻。

例句：

- 1. Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.

- 2. Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.