考研英语中长难句的学习是不可或缺的，它们在完形填空、阅读理解、选择搭配以及英译汉等题型中扮演着重要角色。长难句虽结构复杂，但其内在规律遵循着并列句与复合句的结构，如并列句、复合句（各种从句）等，通过理解并列连词、意群划分以及关键词把握，能有效分解长难句，把握核心思想。

并列句与并列连词是长难句结构分析的关键。识别并列连词如“and”、“but”、“or”等，帮助快速划分意群，理解句子结构。例如，“Reducing person-to-person transmission in schools will be a priority and educators will have to set up smaller classrooms, shut down commonly touched areas, ensure constant hand washing and disinfecting and avoid sharingsupplies, she said.” 这个句子中，“and”作为并列连词，连接了多个并列的动词或动词短语，明确表明了学校应优先解决的问题及实施的具体措施。

定语从句的学习同样重要，首先需准确识别先行词。在“we know that a cat whose eyes can take in many more rays of light than our eyes can see clearly in the night.” 这个句子中，关系代词“which”指代的先行词是整个从句，即“the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought”，在翻译时应清晰表达出这个先行词所代表的观点。

在处理多重定语从句时，如“Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.” 可见，层层嵌套的定语从句需要逐步解析，确定每个从句的先行词，从而更准确地理解句子。

在理解长难句时，注重英语思维习惯、常用固定搭配和表达方式也至关重要。例如，“A few days before Italy is set to lift restriction across much of the country after being locked down Since March 10, the streets of Venice are starting to spring back to life.” 这句话中，lift、spring back to life等词组的使用，展现了地道的英语表达。

总之，长难句的学习需要通过不断实践和总结，培养语感，积累知识和方法。持之以恒，长难句的挑战将不再成为阻碍。祝你在考研英语中取得优异成绩！加油！