定语从句who (whom) 和that的用法区别

在定语从句中，关系代词who (whom)

和that都可指人和物，在一般情况下，可以互换使用，但在下列情况下值得注意：

一、用who (whom) 而不用that的情形

(1)

在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时，只能用who(whom)。如：

My best friend, who is studying in Australia , sent mea

beautiful present just before this Christmas. 。

(2) 当定语从句对指人的先行词进行隔位修饰时，只能用who (whom)。如：

Do

you know the man under the tree who is speaking to the students?

(3) 当先行词为people和those时，只能用who(whom)。如：

Those who

want to go to climb the hill , come here please.

(4) 当先行词为one, ones,anyone,

everyone, none, all(指人) 时，只能用who (whom)。如：

Anyone who is against us is our

enemy. 任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。

(5) 先行词指人，而关系代词在从句中作主语时，一般多用who。如：

The man who

came here yesterday said hewould come again in a few days.

昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来。

(6) 在there be句型中名词的定语从句多用who(whom)。如：

There are

students in our class who / whomyou have met. 我们班有些学生你见过。

(7)

当句子中有两个指人的现行词分别带有两个定语从句时，若一个定语从句的引导词为that, 那么，另一个定语从句的引导词必定为who。如：

The woman that you met just now is Li Ming’s aunt who just graduated from a university.

二、用that 而不用who (whom)的情形

(1)

当先行词前面有形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，引导词只能用that。如：

The best player that plays football

for our team is from Beijing.

(2) 当先行词前面有only,

some,any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very形容词修饰时，引导词只能用that。如：

He is

the only student that said “no” to the teacher.

(3)

当主句是以who开头的特殊疑问句时，引导词只能用that。如：

Who is woman that you talked with just

now