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"口语中有哪些常用词,如speak

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1. speak

强调单方的“说”或“讲”并且强调的是说的动作,一般用作不及物动词,要表

示“对某人说(某事)”,可用 speak to / with sb (about sth)。后面可跟某种语言。如:

Speak English in my class,please.

在我的课上请说英语。

Please speak more slowly.

请说慢一点。

I spoke to / with the chairman about my idea.

我跟主席说了我的想法。

2. talk

强调双方“交谈”,一般用作不及物动词,表示“同某人谈论(某事)”,可用 talk

to / with sb (about sth)。如:

He was talking to / with a friend.

他在同一位朋友谈话。

What are they talking about?

他们在谈论什么?

3. say

强调说话内容,一般用作及物动词。表示“对某人说”,可用 say to sb。如:

Did you say anything (to him)?

你(对他)说了些什么?

He said (that) he wanted to go.

他说他想去。

注:以下句型值得注意:

据说他病了。

正:

It is said that he is ill.

正:

He is said to be ill.

4. tell

表示“告诉”,可tell sb sth. / tell sth to sb.

告诉某人某事。

如:

tell sb sth. / tell sth to sb.

I told him my name.

我把名字告诉了他。

He told his parents the good news. / He told the good news to his parents.

他把这个好消息告诉了他父母。

注:还可接不定式的复合结构作宾语,tell sb to do sth

叫某人做某事。如:

Tell her to come at once.

叫她马上来。

He told the children not to play in the street.

他叫孩子们不要在街上玩。

另外,有时与介词 from 连用表示“区分”“辨别”等。如:

I cannot tell which is which.

我分不清哪个是哪个。

Can you tell true friends from false friends?

你能分清真假朋友吗?